THE ANALYSIS OF TENDENCY ON CHOICE OF FORUM IN THE SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AMONG ASEAN COUNTRIES

Abstract

Abstrak

Praktek penyelesaian sengketa antara Indonesia dan Vietnam dalam sengketa of safeguard on iron or steel products secara tidak langsung terlaksana atas dasar keambiguan norma interpretasi ASEAN Charter 2008 yang menyebabkan pilihan choice of forum ASEAN sebagian besar tertuju kepada World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Understanding (WTO DSU) tanpa melalui penyelesaian sengketa regional yang tersedia berdasar the ASEAN Protocol on Enhanced Dispute Settlement Mechanism (EDSM) terlebih dahulu. Teori yang digunakan untuk menjawab isu hukum tersebut ialah Teori Efektivitas Hukum oleh Berl Kutchinsky. Perbedaan pengaturan statuta antara EDSM dan WTO DSU menjadi indikator penting bagi negara anggota ASEAN untuk mempertimbangkan choice of forum. Walau prosedur yang dimiliki protokol EDSM sama seperti WTO DSU, negara anggota ASEAN berpatokan pada efektivitas prosedur dalam menyelesaikan sengketa. Efektivitas tersebut dilihat dari intensitas penggunaan mekanisme tersebut, pihak-pihak yang ikut serta sebagai panel, peranan DSB dan SEOM, maupun pengaturan pendukung seperti adanya perlakuan khusus yang disediakan WTO DSU bagi negara yang kurang berkembang

 

Abstract

The practice between Indonesia and Vietnam in disputes of safeguards on iron or steel products is indirectly implemented on the basis of ambiguity of the 2008 ASEAN Charter interpretation norms related to dispute resolution mechanisms led to the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Understanding (WTO DSU) without going through regional dispute resolution available based on the ASEAN Protocol on Enhanced Dispute Settlement Mechanism (EDSM). The difference in statute arrangements between the dispute resolution mechanisms by EDSM and the WTO DSU are important indicators for ASEAN member countries to consider the choice of forum. Thus, even though the procedure by EDSM is the same as the procedure by the WTO DSU, ASEAN member countries rely on the effectiveness of the procedure. The effectiveness can be seen from the intensity of the use of the mechanism, the parties participating as a panel, the role of the DSB and SEOM, as well as the special treatment provided by the WTO DSU for less developed countries.