PEMBATASAN HAK BAGI PEMILIK SERTIFIKAT HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH DI WILAYAH ADAT KEBIRANGGA KECAMATAN MAUKARO KABUPATEN ENDE (STUDI DI WILAYAH ADAT KEBIRANGGA KECAMATAN MAUKARO KABUPATEN ENDE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2015.00803.7Keywords:
SertifikatAbstract
Abstract
The registration of land right was aimed to ensure that the holder of this land right could provide the existence of right holding and also to provide law certainty and law protection to the holder of land right. However, Kebirangga custom was still familiar with right constraint on land right holding especially for the land within the region of Kebirangga custom. Land was only acquired based on the allotment of tanah ulayat by Mosalaki such that fai wazu ana azo (custom citizens) were only considered as the cultivator without the right to transfer land right (selling or enclosing into bank as collateral). It deviated against the characteristic of property right in recent laws and regulations which stated that property right was the right to enjoy article/land in freedom regardless the exercising method whether it was used as collateral or guarantee, or could be transferred to other party, be released voluntarily, or be bestowed as religious donation as long as this should not contravene the existing laws and regulations, and not disturb the right of others. Method of this journal was socio legal research because the research attempted to examine the behavior of individual or community in relative to the law.
Result of research indicated that Kebirangga custom region in Maukaro District still could not eliminate the role of custom law in regulating the possession of land right, or even remove the function of Mosalaki as the Chief of Custom. Property right certificate for land with the name of each holder (fai wau ana azo) was seemingly unsuccessful to displace the authority right of Mosalaki for custom property. It might be a fact that there was a dispute over the ownership based on positive law stipulations and also a debate over law certainty between positive law and custom law.
Key words: right constraint, property right certificate for land, authority right of mosalaki (chief of custom)
Abstrak
Pendaftaran hak atas tanah bertujuan agar para pemegang hak atas tanah akan dengan mudah membuktikan bahwa dirinya sebagai pemegang hak serta dapat memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak. Namun di wilayah adat Kebirangga terdapat pembatasan hak bagi pemilik sertifikat hak milik atas tanah di wilayat adat Kebirangga karena tanah diperoleh berdasarkan pembagian tanah ulayat oleh Mosalaki, sehingga fai wazu ana azo (warga adat) hanya dipandang sebagai penggarap tanpa mempunyai hak untuk mengalihkan hak atas tanah tersebut ( menjual atau menjaminkan pada Bank) hal ini bertentangan dengan ciri dari hak Milik dalam ketentuan Peraturan perundang-undangan yaitu hak milik adalah hak untuk menikmati suatu benda/ tanah dengan sebebas-bebasnya dijadikan jaminan utang dengan dibebani Hak Tanggungan bisa dialihkan atau beralih kepihak lain, dapat dilepas secara suka rela serta dapat diwakafkan asal tidak bertentangan dengan undang-undang atau peraturan lainnya dan tidak mengganggu hak orang lain. Dalam Jurnal ini Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian socio legal research, yang merupakan penelitian yang menitik beratkan perilaku individu atau masyarakat dalam kaitannya dengan hukum.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di wilayah adat Kebirangga di Kecamatan Maukaro belum mampu menghilangkan peran hukum adat khusus dalam penguasaan hak atas tanah dari Mosalaki sebagai Kepala adat, meskipun telah ada sertifikat hak milik atas nama masing-masing orang (fai wazu ana azo), sehingga hak milik masih menjadi hak Mosalaki yang berlaku hingga saat ini, merupakan fakta masih adanya pertentangan akan kepemilikan berdasarkan ketentuan hukum positif dalam kepastian hukum antara hukum positif dan hukum adat.
Kata kunci: pembatasan hak, sertifikat hak milik atas tanah, hak menguasai oleh mosalaki (kepala adat)
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