ANALISIS EX-ANTE OLEH EKSEKUTIF TERHADAP RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG: MENUJU LEGISLASI BERKUALITAS MELALUI PENDEKATAN TEKNOKRASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2018.01001.10Keywords:
legislation, ex-ante review, impact assessmentAbstract
AbstractIndonesia has the Constitutional Court to maintain the constitutionality of the law. However judicial review in Indonesian Constitutional Court does not always able to prevent potential or actual violation of constitutional rights. In addition, ex-post facto review in Indonesian Constitutional Court is not to examine the harmonization between the law and the synchronization of legal concepts used by the law. Therefore, the practice of ex-post facto review can open up opportunities for poor legislation and affect parties directly over long periods of time. The complementary of ex-post facto review is ex-ante review which is addressed to test the drafted law (bill). Ex-ante review in Indonesia can be found in the synchronization of academic paper and the harmonization of Bill by the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. This research aims to analyze the weaknesses of ex-ante review mechanism in Indonesia. This is a socio-legal research conducted through an analysis of legislation, policy documents, and interviews with relevant informants. Based on the analysis of legislation, policy documents and primary data collection, it was found that ex-ante review mechanisms by executives had weaknesses in terms of the associated institutional role, the methods used, and the procedures.
Abstrak
Indonesia telah memiliki Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) untuk menjaga konstitusionalitas undang-undang. Namun uji materiil di MK tidak selalu dapat mencegah kerugian konstitusional yang mungkin timbul, khususnya kerugian konstitusional yang bersifat aktual. Selain itu uji materiil ex-post facto di MK bukan untuk menguji harmonisasi antar undang-undang maupun sinkronisasi ketepatan konsep-konsep hukum yang digunakan oleh undang-undang. Oleh karena itu mekanisme uji materiil ex-post facto yang dipraktikkan selama ini membuka peluang bagi berlakunya legislasi dengan kualitas yang buruk dan dapat merugikan pihak-pihak yang terkena dampaknya secara langsung dalam rentang waktu yang lama. Mekanisme yang dapat melengkapi ex-post facto review adalah ex-ante review, yaitu pengujian yang ditujukan pada rancangan undang-undang. Mekanisme ex-ante review di Indonesia dapat ditemukan pada mekanisme penyelarasan naskah akademik dan harmonisasi rancangan undang-undang yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Hukum dan HAM. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelemahan-kelemahan pada mekanisme ex-ante review. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian sosio-legal dan dilakukan melalui analisis terhadap peraturan perundangan, dokumen kebijakan, serta hasil wawancara dengan informan yang relevan. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap peraturan perundangan, dokumen kebijakan serta pengumpulan data primer ditemukan bahwa mekanisme ex-ante review oleh eksekutif memiliki kelemahan dari aspek peran kelembagaan terkait, metode yang digunakan, serta prosedur yang perlu ditempuh.
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